○  英语演讲教程  ○

use active verbs instead of passive verbs. active verbs are much easier to understand. they are much more powerful. consider these two sentences, which say the same thing:

toyota sold two million cars last year.
two million cars were sold by toyota last year.
which is easier to understand? which is more immediate? which is more powerful? n°1 is active and n°2 is passive.

signposting
when you drive on the roads, you know where you are on those roads. each road has a name or number. each town has a name. and each house has a number. if you are at house n° 100, you can go back to n° 50 or forward to n° 150. you can look at the signposts for directions. and you can look at your atlas for the structure of the roads in detail. in other words, it is easy to navigate the roads. you cannot get lost. but when you give a presentation, how can your audience know where they are? how can they know the structure of your presentation? how can they know what is coming next? they know because you tell them. because you put up signposts for them, at the beginning and all along the route. this technique is called 'signposting' (or 'signalling').

during your introduction, you should tell your audience what the structure of your presentation will be. you might say something like this:

"i'll start by describing the current position in europe. then i'll move on to some of the achievements we've made in asia. after that i'll consider the opportunities we see for further expansion in africa. lastly, i'll quickly recap before concluding with some recommendations."
a member of the audience can now visualize your presentation like this:

introduction
welcome
explanation of structure (now)
body
europe
asia
africa
conclusion
summing up
recommendations
he will keep this image in his head during the presentation. he may even write it down. and throughout your presentation,

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